What is Earth Remote Sensing and Why It Is Conducted?

Earth remote sensing (ERS) is the observation of the Earth's surface by land, aviation and space objects equipped with various types of imaging equipment.

Earth remote sensing spacecraft are used to study the Earth's natural resources and solve meteorological problems. Spacecraft for the study of natural resources are mainly equipped with optical or radar equipment, the advantage of the latter is that it allows you to study the Earth's surface at any time of the day, regardless of the situation. Remote sensing is a method of obtaining information about an object or phenomenon without direct physical contact with that object. Remote sensing is a sub-branch of geography. Remote sensing allows to explore data on dangerous, hard-to-reach and fast-moving objects, as well as explore large areas. The range of remote sensing applications is very wide:

Forest monitoring
Land use
Water resources monitoring
Cadastral works
Emergency monitoring (fires, landslides, etc.)
Area surveys
Agriculture.

The Earth remote sensing (ERS) market is considered to be one of the fastest growing in the world. Every year, new companies, technologies and services are emerging. One of the largest is the American company Maxar, which has the ability to take space photos with a resolution of up to 0․3 m per pixel.

Maxar has the ability to carry out remote sensing of the earth from 4 high-precision satellites with a resolution of 0․3m-0․7m pixels.

The French company Airbus Defense and Space has 2 high-precision satellites, and it is planned to launch 4 more satellites in the near future.

The Russian company РКС has 5 satellites with a resolution of 2.5 m pixel, as well as one satellite with a resolution of 0.8 m pixel.

The Chinese company Head captures eleven satellites with a resolution of 0․5m-2m pixels, which improves the efficiency of image reception.